Genome Decoding A Review of Three Articles - 1724 Words

The paper is about choosing one of the latest news and compares the representation of it in different news publications. We have to prefer one of the chosen news sources and then states the reason why this newspaper gave a better version of the covered story among others based on the tendency (context), the information giving, and the supported arguments that this newspaper have. Genome Decoding: A review of three articles on the subject Introduction Genome Decoding is one of the most recent tantalizing scientific discoveries that have recently appeared in the news. Scientists have discovered that the 20,000 genes that do not code for proteins (and were, therefore, originally rated junk) are actually packed with billions of switches that regulate every single aspect of behavior of organs, tissues and cells . The discovery is exciting since implications include the fact that scientists can now devise innovative interventions and treat heretofore resilient and fatal disease. The challenge is explaining and making this discovery attractive to a lay audience that largely fined science boring and abstruse. Three different writers have attempted to do so in three different journals. The first has approached the subject from the perspective of the Encode project that helps researchers identify particular regions of switches that appear to be associated with particular behavior of organs, tissues and cells. The second has addressed the subject by describing the mechanism ofShow MoreRelatedDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesPrinciples of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis

Light and Dark of Colonialism and Imperialism in Heart of...

The Light and Dark of Colonialism Exposed in Heart of Darkness In Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad, challenges a dominant view by exposing the evil nature and the darkness associated with the colonialist ventures. It is expressed by Marlow as robbery with violence, aggravated murder on a great scale, and men going at it blind - as it is very proper for those who tackle a darkness. The European colonialists are portrayed as blind lightbearers, people having a faà §ade of progress and culture, yet are blind of their actions. They think they are brining a light to a darkness, yet they are the real darkness or evil. Conrads critique of European colonialism is most apparent through the oppositions of light and darkness, with the†¦show more content†¦The manager personifies the darkness with his unbalanced priorities of obtaining of ivory and the deficiency of importance given to human lives, thus displaying an intense darkness behind the faà §ade of light. In the beginning of the book, Marlow comes upon a grove of death in the jungle where black workers who are no longer able to function satisfactorily in the eyes of the company are left to die. Marlow also witnesses black workers in chain-gangs throughout his journey up the river, along with a black man shot. These atrocities against the natives are as a result of the white colonization and the activities of the manager, a character which represents the darkness within the supposed light that is brought to the natives. The manager is solely concerned with the safe confiscation of the ivory and not at all with Kurtz life, lives are seen as merely objects in the way of the ultimate goal of ivory. Therefore the manager, with the lightness - a faà §ade of bringing culture and improvements to the natives, is in fact the real darkness, demonstrating the evil associated with the European colonialism of Africa. Conrad also uses minor characters to enhance the distinction between dark and light, with character construction of good and evil along similar lines. In the beginning of the novella, the members of the Nellie represent the contrast of the materialistic and the spiritual. TheShow MoreRelated The Theme of Darkness in Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay1340 Words   |  6 PagesThe Theme of Darkness in Conrads Heart of Darkness Works Cited Not Included It has been said that although Conrad may not have been the greatest novelist, he was certainly the greatest artist every to write a novel;. I feel that this is an apt description of Conrads writing style in Heart of Darkness (1902), as he paints many verbal pictures by using expressive words and many figurative descriptions of places and people. An extensive use of words relating to colour, is evident throughoutRead MoreDiscuss the Representation of Civilisation in Heart of Darkness906 Words   |  4 PagesHeart of Darkness is a highly complex novella, as it does not provide the reader with an ending that satisfies his or her expectations, though the implications are profoundly more powerful and unsettling as it destabilises the reader’s notion of humanity. Conrad deconstructs the notion of western civilization being â€Å"a shining light and because of it knowledge has reached every quarter of the globe,† through the symbolic meaning of light and darkness and the bre akdown of form in the narrative to echoRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Heart Of Darkness 1571 Words   |  7 PagesEstuary. Heart of Darkness explores the issues surrounding imperialism in complicated ways. As Marlow travels from the Outer Station to the Central Station and finally up the river to the Inner Station, he encounters scenes of torture, cruelty, and near-slavery. At the very least, the incidental scenery of the book offers a harsh picture of colonial enterprise. The impetus behind Marlow’s adventures, too, has to do with the hypocrisy inherent in the rhetoric used to justify imperialism. The men whoRead MoreThe Importance Of Imperialism In Joseph Conrads Heart Of Darkness1174 Words   |  5 Pagesthe book, Heart of Darkness, has significance. Africa’s Victorian era nickname was the ‘dark continent’, which â€Å"referred to the fact that little was known in the West about the interior of the continent† (yourdictionary.com, 2017). Therefore, Congo is the interior or ‘heart’ of Africa. This title also alludes to the darkness or the primitiveness in mans mind and heart. This essence of savagery, brutality and cruelty is represented in Kurtz, the devil himself. Kurtz is the heart of darkness. ImperialismRead More Symbols, Setting, and Ironies of Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness1201 Words   |  5 PagesSymbols, Setting, and Ironies of Heart of Darkness   Ã‚   Joseph Conrads novel, Heart of Darkness, is about many things: seafaring, riverboating, trade and exploration, imperialism and colonialism, race relations, the attempt to find meaning in the universe while trying to get at the mysteries of the subconscious mind. Heart of Darkness is a vivid portrayal of European imperialism.   The book in other words is a story about European acts of imperial mastery (1503)-its methods, and the effectsRead MoreAnalysis Of Conrad s The Heart Of Darkness 1612 Words   |  7 Pagesplague was Darkness. A darkness so thick, people could not see for three days. Darkness restricts vision and thus the way man understands the world. Conrad explores a similar darkness throughout The Heart of Darkness. He writes about how this darkness, a blindness towards others, can lead to the moral degradation of mankind in his novel. Throughout the novel, the reader is able to see Conrad’s perspective of humanity by discussing two integral issues of the time, Racism and Colonialism. More importantlyRead MoreEssay about Heart of Darkness1745 Words   |  7 Pagesdepth review of Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, a classical novella that illustrates without bias the motives behind human intentions and the extremes individuals can go to achieve wealth and profits at the expense of others with the aim of shedding insight into the rise of European imperialism, the imperial history, its politics and evil activities in the colonized African tribes along the river Congo during the eighteenth and nineteenth century. The Heart of Darkness is an exceptionally figurativeRead More The Metaphors of Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesThe Metaphors of Heart of Darkness      Ã‚  Ã‚   Within the text of Heart of Darkness, the reader is presented with many metaphors. Those that recur, and are most arresting and notable, are light and dark, nature and Kurtz and Marlow. The repeated use of light and dark imagery represents civilization and primitiveness, and of course the eternal meaning of good and evil. However, the more in depth the reader goes the more complex it becomes. Complex also are the meanings behind the metaphors of natureRead MoreThe Distorted Images in Heart of Darkness4513 Words   |  19 PagesThe distorted images in Heart of Darkness Abstract In Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad exposes the evil of the imperialism and pays sympathy to the oppressed Africans. But affected by imperialist ideology, he serves as a racist and a defender of the imperialism when he attempts to condemn the colonizers. This paper will be analyzing the distorted images in Heart of darkness from the perspective of post-colonialism and Orientalism theory. The present paper is divided into five parts: Part 1 isRead More The Lie of Imperialism Exposed in Literature Essay3048 Words   |  13 Pagesconcerning colonialism, then a comparative study of colonial and postcolonial works is essential for attaining a full understanding of the far-reaching effects of European imperialism (Groden and Kreiswirth 582). Reading colonial literature in dialogue with postcolonial literature engenders a more complete interpretation of the effects of imperialism by creating a point of reference from which to begin the revelation and the healing of cultural wounds resultant from European colonialism. Postcolonial

Micro Economic - 1890 Words

1. PRINCIPES OF ECONOMICS-MANKIEW CHAPTER 1- QUESTION FOR REVIEW (18) No 3. What is inflation and what causes it? = Inflation is an increase in the overall level of prices in the economy. Inflation happen because culprit is growth in the quantity o money when a government creates larges quantities of the nation’s money, the value of the money. No 5. Explain the two main causes of market failure and give an example of each! = Externality, is the impact of one person’s action on the well being of a bystander Example: pollution. = Market power, is the ability of a single economic actor (or small group of acors) to have a substantial influence on market prices. Example : if everyone in town needs water but there is only one well,†¦show more content†¦No. 9. What is a competitive market? Briefly describe a type of market that is not perfectly competitive. = competitive market is a market in which there are many buyers and many sellers so that each has a negligible impact on the market price. * Monopolistic competition = market characterized by numerous buyers and relatively numerous sellers trying to differentiate their product from those of competitors. * Oligopoly = market characterized by a handful of (generally large)sellers with the power to influence the prices of their products. * Monopoly = market in w hich there is only one producer that can therefor set the prices of its products 5. PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS-MANKIEW CHAPTER 5-QUESTION OF REVIEW (109) No. 5. If the elasticity is grearter than 1, is demand elastic or inelastic? If the elasticity equals 0, is demand perfectly elastic or perfectly inelastic? = If the elasticity is greater than 1, and demand is elastic.if the elasticity yequals 0, demand is perfectly inelastic No 9. List and explainthe four determinantsof the price elasticity of demand discussed in the chapter. * Availability of close substitutes Goods with close substitutes tend to have more elastic demand because it is easier for consumer s to switch from that goods to others. * Necessities versus luxuries Necessities tend to have inelastic demands,Show MoreRelatedEconomics : Economics And Micro Economics1238 Words   |  5 Pages Economics is the study of how our unlimited demand of certain things can be met by our limited amount of supply. For instance, if there was an unlimited amount of money for everyone, then everyone would have everything they had always wanted and would not have to work to get the money. Everyone would have billion dollar homes and the nicest cars in the world. Unfortunately, we do have a limited amount of money, so the economists find ways to get around that. There are two types of economicsRead MoreMacro Micro Economics2304 Words   |  10 Pagesâ€Å"Economics has never been a science - and it is even less now than a few years ago.†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Paul Samuelson INTRODUCTION Economics  is the  social science  that analyzes the  production,  distribution, and  consumption  of  goods  and  services. A focus of the subject is how  economic agents  behave or interact and how  economies  work. A given economy is the result of a process that involves its  technological evolution,  history  and  social organization, as well as its  geography,  natural resource endowment, and  ecologyRead MoreIntroduction to Micro-Economics2163 Words   |  9 Pages#61548;Economics is the study of how individuals and societies choose to use the scarce resources that nature and previous generations have provided. There are many reasons to study economics, including 1.To learn a way of thinking 2.To understand society 3.To understand global affairs 4.To be an informed voter Economics has three fundamental concepts: a. Opportunity cost, b. Marginalism, and c. Efficient markets. a. Opportunity cost is the best alternative that we forgo, or giveRead MoreExamples of Macro and Micro Economics840 Words   |  4 Pages?Economics is a social science that mainly focuses on different fields of knowledge dealing with the proper distribution, allotment, production and consumption of resources. Economics has been divided into two significant branches; one of it being the microeconomics and the other one being the macroeconomics. Microeconomics can be easily understood through the term micro itself which means small, microeconomics focuses on small level that is to say it includes areas of individual decision makingRead MoreImportance Of The Micro Economic Environment1471 Words   |  6 PagesActivity one: 1.1Explain the importance of the micro-economic environment to business organisations: Microeconomics looks at how individual players in the economy, such as households and firms, interact. It focuses on the impact that their economic choices have on the allocation of scarce resources to meet unlimited demand. These interactions match what one party wants or demands in economic term and what the other gives in exchange (supply). Each time someone buys a chocolate bar from a newsagentRead MoreMicro Economics : Energy Industry1327 Words   |  6 Pages MICRO ECONOMICS: ENERGY INDUSTRY By (Student’s Name) Professor’s Name College Course Date MICRO ECONOMICS: ENERGY INDUSTRY Introduction The topic chosen for this discussion is the micro economic especially Australian Energy Industry. It is acknowledged that this industry needs urgent policy reformation in regards to climate and energy. To achieve the reformation, four areas have been earmarked: supply reliability, price control and adequate demand and fixing COAG Energy CouncilRead MoreDifference Between Micro And Macro Economics895 Words   |  4 Pages1. What is the difference between micro and macro economics? Give an example of a microeconomic phenomenon and an example of a macroeconomic one. If you look at the definition of the word micro, some words that come to mind are small and extremely tiny. Therefore, we can look at microeconomics as dealing with small quantities of the whole or specifics. At this end, microeconomics deals with things at an individual level and studies issues such as consumer behavior, individual labor market and supplyRead MoreEssay on Micro Economic Imperfect Market694 Words   |  3 Pages1. Consider a personal computer market with two firms, X and Y. Suppose that Firm X and Y have the following total cost function: TCX=10QXTCY=10QY . The market is given by P=100-QX-QY. (a) Calculate the Cournot equilibrium outputs of firm X and Y in this market. (b) Calculate their market price in the Cournot equilibrium. (c) Calculate their profits in the Cournot equilibrium. (d) Suppose that firm X is considering implementing a proprietary technology they have developed. The onetime sunk costRead MoreMicro Economics Study Questions1289 Words   |  6 PagesFigure 10-1 [pic] a) Refer to Figure 10-1. The marginal product of the 3rd worker is ______ b) Refer to Figure 10-1. The marginal product of the 7th worker is ______ c) Refer to Figure 10-1. The average product of the 4th worker ______ d) Diminishing marginal productivity sets in after ______ 15) If 11 workers can produce a total of 54 units of a product and a 12th worker has a marginal product of 6 units, then the average product of 12 workers is ______ 16) If 11 workersRead MorePrinciples Of Economics : Micro Summer 1 20151856 Words   |  8 PagesGiovanna Kiamos Professor Rukhama Halim Principles of Economics: Micro SUMMER 1 2015 August 5, 2015 Monopoly Market Structure The word monopoly derives from the Greek meaning (monos ÃŽ ¼ÃÅ'ÃŽ ½ÃŽ ¿Ãâ€š (alone or single) + polein πωÎ »ÃŽ µÃ¡ ¿â€"ÃŽ ½ (to sell). A monopoly is a market structure in which there is only one supplier of a product and/or service for which there is no competition or close substitute – a true testament to its Greek meaning. This paper will take a closer look at the Monopoly Market Structure and

Analysis Of Street Art Of Israel And Palestine - 1370 Words

Before the study of street art in Israel and Palestine can begin, first, one must understand why these artworks are there - a basic principle in any art theory. For instance, taking Picasso’s Guernica (see fig. 1.1) as an example, it appears at first glance to be a disturbing painting, very abstract in style and chaotic in its composition. The appeal of abstract art is that it is less superficially explicit. I would argue that this conveys deeper meaning to the viewer because of the personal journey required to untangle what it is that he is seeing. When one learns that Picasso painted Guernica in response to the bombing of his hometown, the namesake of the work, an element of the celestial emerges, and Picasso’s ability to express this†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, physically denying access to an area that was previously shared is fraught with flaws. If a barrier is erected, consideration to the other party must be demonstrated - otherwise expect retalia tion and accusations that it is a form of arbitrary detention on a large scale. Therefore, it is widely recognised that the partition should stand upon, or be situated inside, the de-facto border: The Pre-1967 Armistice Line (see fig. 1.2), alternatively known as The Green Line (hereby referred to as GL) - so named as green ink was used to geographically mark the factions’ territories with respect to their military distribution before the 1967 war. This act situated 78% of Mandatory Palestine as Israel and was carried out on the arrangement that: â€Å"No provision of this Agreement shall in any way prejudice the rights, claims, and positions of either Party hereto in the ultimate peaceful settlement of the Palestine question†¦ being dictated exclusively by military, and not by political, considerations.† In spite of the obvious pitfalls which arise from augmenting the separation barrier away from the GL’s original purpose as an armistice line, it has become recognised by international officials - inclusive of Arab states and the Palestinian diaspora, e.g. The Palestinian Liberation Organisation - as the Israeli boundary, despite it never formally declared asShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Holocaust1647 Words   |  7 Pagescitizenship of all of these migrants. This was followed in March 1934 by the expulsion of these immigrants. - In September 1933 - the Reich Chamber of Culture was established; it provided the basis for excluding all non-Aryans from art, music, literature, etc. Later the same month, non-Aryans were excluded from farm labour and the ownership of farmland. In October, the exclusion was extended to journalism. - In May 1935 - non-Aryans were excluded from the WehrmachtRead MoreWal-Mar Global Expansion Strategy10037 Words   |  41 Pages Wal-Mart’s Global Strategy E. Expansion Target: France General Overview Retail Industry Overview Macro Environmental Analysis External Factors Micro Environmental Analysis Porter’s Five Forces Model SWOT Feasibility Study Recommendation F. Expansion Target: Israel General Overview Retail Industry Overview Macro Environmental Analysis External Factors Micro Environmental Analysis Porter’s Five Forces Model SWOT Feasibility Study Recommendation G. Conclusion H. References/Sources I. 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Sustainable Transportation Policy In Malaysia Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

string(270) " from paved and unpaved roads, which are the major beginning of particulate affair pollution \( 50 % of the sum \) Carbon Dioxide \( CO2 \) 33 % thought to be primary subscriber to planetary heating Figure 2: Transportation Air Quality: Selected Facts and Figures 2002\." Climate Change, or Global Warming, is one of the most serious environmental menaces of the twenty-first century. Harmonizing to NST article on Top 10 list Global Warming Cause, Carbon dioxide emanations from firing gasolene for transit responsible for approximately 33 % of emanations. With the population turning at an dismaying rate, the demand for more autos and consumer goods means that we are increasing the usage of fossil fuels for transit and fabrication. We will write a custom essay sample on Sustainable Transportation Policy In Malaysia Environmental Sciences Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The jobs of nursery gas emanations and urban air quality are concentrating attending on sustainable conveyance. There are many definitions on sustainable transit. A sustainable conveyance system as defined by The Centre for Sustainable Transportation ( Gilbert and Tanguay, 2000 ) is as follows: Allows the basic entree and development demands of persons, companies and societies to be met safely and in a mode consistent with human and ecosystem, wellness, and promotes equity within and between consecutive coevalss. Is low-cost, operates reasonably and expeditiously, offers pick of conveyance manner, and supports a competitory economic system, every bit good as balanced regional development. Limits emanations and waste within the planet ‘s ability to absorb them, uses renewable resources at or below their rates of coevals, and uses non-renewable resources at or below the rates of development of renewable replacements while minimising the impact on the usage of land and the coevals of noise. How can transit go more sustainable? Harmonizing to The Center for Sustainable Transportation system it is defined as: With regard to society, transit systems should: Meet basic human demands for wellness, comfort, and convenience in ways that do non emphasize the societal cloth. Allow and support development at a human graduated table, and supply for a sensible pick of conveyance manners, types of lodging and community, and life manners. Produce no more noise than is acceptable by communities. Be safe for people and their belongings. With regard to the economic system, transit systems should: Provide cost-efficient service and capacity. Be financially low-cost in each coevals. Support vibrant, sustainable economic activity. With regard to the environment, transit systems should: Make usage of land in a manner that has little or no impact on the unity of ecosystems. Use meagerly energy beginnings that are basically non renewable or unlimited. Use other resources that are renewable or unlimited, achieved in portion through the reuse of points and the recycling of stuffs used in vehicles and substructure. Produce no more emanations and waste than can be accommodated by the planet ‘s renewing ability. Harmonizing to the Center for Sustainable Transportaion besides, there are several barriers to the attainment of sustainable transit. Four of the most of import are these: More than for most other countries of human enterprise, decision-making about transit by authoritiess, corporations, and persons has become locked into manners that reinforce the present unsustainable agreements and tendencies. There is a mentality that accomplishing sustainable transit is excessively dearly-won, hard, and will endanger our quality of life and life style. Combustion of low-priced oil provides more than 99 per cent of the energy for motorised transit and creates many of the environmental jobs that result from transit. Harnessing renewable options will be a major challenge. Mechanisms for placing betterments in sustainable transit, and circulating ensuing success narratives, and good tendencies are unequal. The attempt towards accomplishing sustainable conveyance includes technological betterments of autos and lorries, fuels and substructure. However, utilizing vehicles more expeditiously ( higher burden factor for lorries, and fewer individual tenancy private vehicles ) would be a good start towards a smarter usage of conveyance. Walking and cycling are the ‘greenest ‘ and most sustainable signifiers of conveyance. However, public conveyance is a cardinal option but it is non having the precedence which it should be. Transport becomes sustainable merely when it does non harm the environment or uses fuel from renewable beginnings such as air current and solar. In footings of human mobility, this means more usage of public conveyance ( including integrated mobility services ) , and non-motorised manners of conveyance like walking and cycling. For motion of goods, rail cargo is more fuel efficient than hauling. The public transit system in Klang Valley includes coachs, commuter Light Rail Transit ( LRT ) , monorail, coachs and taxis. Public conveyance riders are merely every bit inconsiderate as the drivers. Lining up is a practically unknown phenomenon is thwarting and clip consuming 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW Whenever a auto is started, sitting idle or driving it is bring forthing emanations that are make fulling our ambiance. These emanations include nitrogen gas ( N2 ) , C dioxide ( CO2 ) , H2O vapor ( H2O ) , C monoxide ( CO ) , hydrocarbons or volatile organic compounds ( VOCs ) , and N oxides ( NO and NO2, together called NOx ) . Bryant et al. 2008. Carbon dioxide represents about 80 per centum of the manmade nursery gases blamed for planetary heating. 15 % of the manmade C dioxide ( CO2 ) in the Earth ‘s ambiance comes from autos, trucks, aeroplanes, trains, and ships. The staying 85 % of atmospheric CO2 comes from industry, edifices and agribusiness. Current tendencies show atmospheric CO2 concentration would duplicate by the terminal of the century ( Jan Fuglestvedt 2008 ) Figure 1: Projected concentration degrees presuming go oning â€Å" concern as usual † behavior ( Beginning: University of Maryland ) Harmonizing ESMAP, Traffic congestion can impact human wellness due to pollution with high degrees of particulates, hydrocarbons, lead and NOx. there are three chief beginnings of particulate air pollution: vehicle fumes, re-suspended route dust, and solid fuels, The Federal Highway Administration has documented the degrees of these emanations and how much of each compound is produced by autos ( see Figure 2 ) . Air Pollutant Proportion from On route Motor Vehicles Note Oxides of Nitrogen ( NOx ) 34 % precursor to groundaˆ?level ozone ( smog ) , which amendss the respiratory system and injures workss Volatile Organic Compounds ( VOC ) 34 % precursor to groundaˆ?level ozone ( smog ) , which amendss the respiratory system and injures workss Carbon Monoxide ( CO ) 51 % contributes to smog production ; toxicant in high concentrations Particulate Matter ( PM10 ) 10 % does non include dust from paved and unpaved roads, which are the major beginning of particulate affair pollution ( 50 % of the sum ) Carbon Dioxide ( CO2 ) 33 % thought to be primary subscriber to planetary heating Figure 2: Transportation Air Quality: Selected Facts and Figures 2002. Sterba 2009 Harmonizing to analyze on Hybrid Cars ( Michael et. al 2010 ) , their higher monetary value bends consumers off and makes the vehicles a less attractive economic investing. Energy efficient treating techniques need to be developed before the advanced stuffs in loanblends can assist add to their clean image. Widespread alteration to progress intercrossed engineerings is non a executable option in the close hereafter because of both cost and the limited sum of loanblends on the route today. Overall, loanblend engineering has a batch of possible in the distant hereafter, but as for right now they are non a important betterment over today ‘s internal burning engine. It was recorded that from twelvemonth 2005 to twelvemonth 2009 there were about 42 million vehicles register in Malaysia as shown in Figure 3. Year Car enrollment Public vehicle Commercial Vehicles Entire Year 2005 6,473,261 136500 805157 7,414,918 Year 2006 6,941,996 142038 836579 7,920,613 Year 2007 7,419,643 147050 871234 8,437,927 Year 2008 7,966,525 154524 909243 9,030,292 Year 2009 8,506,080 162309 936222 9,604,611 Entire 37,307,505 742,421 4,358,435 42,408,361 Figure 3: No of vehicles in Malaysia by type To cover with the terrible traffic jobs in Malaysia particularly in Klang Valley the transit contrivers will hold to look to solutions such as utilizing public conveyance and presenting more environmental friendly vehicles. In the 10TH Malaysia Plan, a amount of RM2.8 billion is allocated for bettering urban public transit was chosen as one of six National Key Result Areas ( NKRAs ) , which are priority countries under the Government Transformation Programme. During the 10MP period, connectivity across different manners of public conveyance will be improved through the constitution of multi-modal transportation hubs for services within metropoliss, from suburban countries into metropoliss and for intercity travel. The Strategic Plan is a papers which determines the way of future transit system in Malaysia. Harmonizing to The strategic Plan of The Ministry of Transport ( 2008 – 2015 ) , development of conveyance substructure a seamless, integrated, sustainable and competitory to run into the aspirations states is emphasised. One of the program objective is to guarantee that environmental non contaminated by the land conveyance, air and maritime. TERAS 2 The scheme highlighted is to optimise new engineerings in conveyance by advancing the usage of environmentally friendly vehicles and supplying seamless transit system by bettering the park N drive installations at all Stationss of urban conveyance to run into the aim to beef up and supply world-class incorporate conveyance substructure. Park and Ride ( P A ; R ) system are known as inducement parking system. This installations system consists of auto Parkss with connexions to public conveyance. The user will utilize public transit to go into metropolis and leave their forces vehicles in a auto park. P A ; R system are by and large located in suburbs of metropolitan countries or on the outer borders of big metropoliss. Many states had utilizing this system such as United Kingdom, United State, Japan and Singapore. Park and Ride was foremost initiated in the United Kingdom ( UK ) in the sixtiess and seventiess that enjoy most success in metropoliss historic in nature and rather little capacity of commanding that balance to their inhibiting urban construction. In a scope of scenes across the UK, nevertheless, some of which really different in size and nature to the earlier host Centres, Park and Ride has later emerged as a major constituent of local conveyance policies. In Malaysia, the authorities starts utilizing P ark and Ride system such as Kuala Lumpur, around Klang Valley and Putrajaya Harmonizing to CASE STUDY ON AWARENESS AND EFFECTIVENESS OF PARK AND RIDE AT PUTRAJAYA, MALAYSIA the consciousness degree for both Putrajaya citizens and visitants is non high plenty to make the mark of the Park and Ride system. This is because, about merely half of the people is utilizing the system while the remainder garbage to utilize the system and make non cognize to us the system. The understanding about the system need to be good explain to the both Putrajaya citizens and besides the visitants. Therefore, the user of Park and Ride may increase and many traffic jobs could cut down. Conference on Environmentally Sustainable Transport ( EST ) provide an illustration of how standards and marks can be linked to important environmental and wellness quality aims. These marks are long-run – specific intermediate marks and mileposts should be set to concentrate action. The quantitative mark degrees below are non normative and could be adapted harmonizing to national, regional or local fortunes. What is indispensable for the EST attack, is that mark degrees are set to accomplish environmental and wellness quality aims. Carbon dioxide Climate alteration is prevented by cut downing C dioxide emanations so that atmospheric concentrations of CO2are stabilised at or below their 1990 degrees. Consequently, entire emanations of CO2 from conveyance should non transcend 20 % to 50 % of such emanations in 1990 depending on specific national conditions. Nox Damage from ambient NO2and ozone degrees and N deposition is greatly reduced by meeting WHO Air Quality Guidelines for human wellness and eco-toxicity. This implies that entire emanations of NOxfrom conveyance should non transcend 10 % of such emanations in 1990. VOCs Damage from carcinogenic VOCs and ozone is greatly reduced by meeting WHO Air Quality Guidelines for human wellness and ecosystem protection. Entire emanations of transport-related VOCs should non transcend 10 % of such emanations in 1990 ( less for highly toxic VOCs ) .2 Particulates Harmful ambient air degrees are avoided by cut downing emanations of all right particulates ( particularly those less than 10 micrometers in diameter ) . Depending on local and regional conditions, this may imply a decrease of 55 % to 99 % of all right particulate ( PM10 ) emanations from conveyance, compared with 1990 degrees. Landuse/Landtake Land usage and substructure for the motion, care, and storage of conveyance vehicles is developed in such a manner that local and regional aims for air, H2O, eco-system and biodiversity protection are met. Compared to 1990 degrees, this will probably imply the Restoration and enlargement of green infinites in built-up countries. Noise Noise from conveyance no longer consequences in out-of-door noise degrees that present a wellness concern or serious nuisance. Depending on local and regional conditions, this may imply a decrease of conveyance noise to no more than a upper limit of 55 dubnium ( A ) during the twenty-four hours and 45 dubnium ( A ) at dark and out-of-doorss. Minister of Transport Malaysia in his address reference that â€Å" The conveyance sector has now entered the new epoch of a more ambitious and requires a high committedness from all sides. It is now requires a manner of conveyance and more incorporate services and quality system. In add-on environmental facets should besides be given accent in the planning of all undertakings for the Ministry of guarantee sustainable development. † ( Message from DATUK ONG TEE KEAT, Minister of Transport Malaysia ) 3.0 METHODOLOGY This is Life Cycle Analysis academic composing which needs a batch of diaries and article readings, cyberspace surfboarding and cognition. Some articles were from Ministry of Transport, 10th Malaysia Plan and Malayan Strategic Planning to guarantee that suggestion proposed relevant to the way of Malaysia development ( Dasar Pembangunan Negara ) . However, more elaborate surveies should be done to acquire thoughts that can lend to accomplishing the ends. 4.0 Discussion What are the holistic attack toward sustainable transit policy in Malaysia? Several schemes can be developed such as: 1. Develop of national transit scheme Transportation system webs are an of import piece of the communications substructure of a state. We are wholly dependent on our transit webs to travel goods and people throughout the state. A national transit scheme such as highlighted in The Strategic Plan would assist Malaysia make a sustainable transit policy. More schemes must emphasis on green engineering. 2. Enhance national public transit scheme In order to cut down the figure of private autos on the route, the authorities must be after their short term and long term schemes for public transit. Peoples must be encouraged to take public conveyance for the motion of goods and people. Long term schemes need to be after on how people can travel about in the hereafter by utilizing public conveyance as a precedence and make the finish faster, convenient and comfy. The Malayan authorities has stated a end to hold 40 % of the population utilizing public transit in the hereafter. Unfortunately, at a interim we have limited picks for safe, convenient, dependable public transit. For illustration, we have a really limited train to go from North to South. Road accidents which involved express coach are frequently happen in the state. Therefore, task force group which include expertness from relevant field must be formed. This group will come out with the national public transit schemes and besides to advice the stakeholders on how to accomplish the mission 3. National public transit section Public transit should non be run as a profitable concern. It must be look as a pick of transit that people can take. Minimum menu should be charge to the people. More subsidies must be given to this section. Peoples will certainly utilize public conveyance if it is convenient and comfy with the low menu. It is clip for the authorities to upgrade the public transit to the first category installations by turn uping more money in this department.Research and development unit must besides organize in this section. This unit will ever make research on new engineerings to upgrade the transit systems or conveyance which environmental friendly like was done in Seoul as an Earth friendly transit metropolis. 4. Expanded national railroad web Railway engineering is still the most efficient manner to travel goods and people. Successful rail webs in Europe, Japan, India, China, Taiwan, and shortly in Argentina, show us that the motion of riders by rail is faster, easier, and better than auto or air travel. Thankss to the English Channel Tunnel and the Eurostar High Speed Train, London and Paris are now two hours apart by train. Trains travel more people, avoid congestion on the roads, usage less energy, and are far more appealing than planes or autos. A state like Malaysia should hold a dependable railroad transit web for cargo every bit good as a fast rider railroad web linking all major metropoliss. High Speed rail connexions between Kuala Lumpur and neighbouring capital metropoliss must be explored. Therefore, the full double-tracking and electrification of all rail lines within Malaysia is necessary. In add-on, ternary trailing and the building of extra rail lines should be considered. 5. Regional/local public transit authorization As we can see in the urban country, there is a more than one public transit company. for illustration in Klang vale, Rapid KL and XXX are the celebrated coach companies. It is suppose to be merely one authorization which responsible for the planning, ordinance and inadvertence of public transit. This local authorization has the responsibility to command the coach systems so that it operates under an effectual an efficient system. This would extinguish unneeded and uneconomical competition and promote stableness and dependability in public transit. 6. Additional, secure support for regional/local public transit Public transit service is of import substructure. It should non be operated like a concern. There should be no ground why a coach company should even seek to run a sustainable concern. All first public transit services do non do money. They in fact lose money, and their extra costs are borne by a combination of authorities financess, bonds, and extra investings. The best manner to construct stable, dependable public transit substructure is to fund it decently and fund it early on. This means capital investing and regular operations subsidies are necessary. No universe category transit bureau should even be trying to retrieve 50 % o more of their grosss from menus paid by riders. Alternatively, they should be having money from public and private investing. Presently the province authorities of Terengganu is be aftering the debut of Rapid Terengganu, a state-level coach service. While any bus service betterments are good intelligence, this intelligence is even better because it shows that the province authorities is committed to bettering public transit through authorities regulated service. One little point, nevertheless. The name â€Å" Rapid † is overused, and possibly should be limited to large metropoliss merely. A state-level service should hold an appropriate name that reflects the service being offered, non a selling tool. I personally like â€Å" Bas Negeri Terengganu † and I think the acronym â€Å" Bantu † ( for â€Å" Bas Negeri Terengganu † ) would be a really appropriate as the word â€Å" Bantu † reflects the constructs of assisting and back uping each other. 7. Expanded KTM Komuter Service We have to gain that KTM Komuter has the lowest costs and greatest potency for enlargement among all manners of transit. An expanded KTM Komuter service ( that means, higher frequences, longer trains, faster trains, and more lines ) would promote people to utilize rapid theodolite. It merely costs excessively much to construct adequate LRT lines to do a difference in the transit substructure in the Klang Valley. KTM Komuter enlargement programs include new webs in the North and South, extensions from Sentul to Batu Caves, Rasa to Tanjung Malim, and Seremban to Senawang. A program is afoot to reconstruct more than a twelve damaged electric-multiple unit ( EMU ) trains, which would let higher frequence and more dependable service. The authorities must perpetrate to a existent enlargement of KTM Komuter service, intending more lines, adequate trains for five minute frequences, and dependable service. 8. More urban mass-transit lines LRT and mass theodolite should be built in urban countries, instead than suburban or rural countries. The cost of building is increasing daily, and this is why the authorities should be perpetrating to construct lines in urban countries, non suburban or rural countries. There is no ground, for illustration, to construct an LRT from Kuala Lumpur to Klang, when Kuala Lumpur itself still needs at least four more LRT lines ( in add-on to the new Kota Damansara-Cheras line ) . Urban countries need mass theodolite. Urban countries have huge Numberss of people and they have the population denseness to do mass-transit cost effectual. Suburban countries do non necessitate mass theodolite such as LRT lines. They truly need enhanced, frequent and dependable coach service to travel the huge Numberss of people spread out over a broad country. The planned Kota Damansara-Cheras LRT line will go through Kuala Lumpur. The Sentul-Batu Caves extension will alter transit in the northern countries of Kuala Lumpur. However, extra lines are needed in Kuala Lumpur to make the nucleus of a mass-transit web. The authorities should be constructing in urban countries, non the suburban countries. Extensions are for the hereafter. The nucleus of the mass-transit web demands to be built now. 9. Promoting Park and Ride The authorities should implement the user of Park and Ridein urban country. But before that the quality of service of Park and Ride system demand to be improved where more frequent service of the coachs to bring the people from one point to another. Besides improve the service, other schemes to increase the figure of coach user is provide adequate information to the client. Kiosk and information Centre is suited to advise the information about Park and Ride system to the people. Selling and publicity such as image advertisement, new occupant publicity and menu inducements may besides impact the figure of bus user. Malaysians seem to hold an compulsion with LRT and a misinterpretation of traffic congestion. We besides think that traffic jobs can be solved with monolithic undertakings instead than simple solutions. I wo n’t tire you with the inside informations of why. LRT is a mass-transit, and it is dearly-won. As stated before, there is no possible manner to construct all of the LRT lines that are needed to make speedy, dependable, convenient public transit. This means that other rapid theodolite options must be explored. Alternate signifiers of rapid theodolite include rapid ropewaies, and coach rapid theodolite. Even simple things like traffic signal precedence, coach lanes, and traffic monitoring cameras will do a immense difference. Sadly, the bulk of people in Malaysia still cleaving to the belief that traffic visible radiations, reduced figure of lanes, and roundabouts contribute to traffic congestion. The truth is that traffic congestion is caused by holding excessively many autos on the route at the same clip. Fewer autos equal lower congestion. There is hope that the reaching of local public transit governments will do a large difference, spread outing and heightening public transit. Extremist thoughts need to be implemented to cut down the figure of autos on the route. Bus lanes are merely a start but they are easy to implement. Bus Rapid Transit would be the following measure. A dependable Bus Rapid Transit service running along major roads like Jalan Puchong, Jalan Klang Lama, the Federal Highway, Jalan Ipoh, Jalan Kepong, and others, would besides assist. The authorities must denote a program to put in tram lines, non merely extra LRT lines. 10. Decrease in gasoline subsidy and inducements to promote the usage of public transit Petrol subsidies may do the lives of some people easier, but economic sciences say that anytime you fix the monetary value of an point below its natural monetary value, demand will increase and this will finally ensue in deficits of the merchandise. We have seen this happen in Malaysia with cooking oil, sugar, and Diesel fuel. Petrol and wheat may be the following points confronting deficits. The monetary value of gasoline in Malaysia is low ( compared to universe markets ) . Malaysians are driving more and demanding more gasoline. The supply is less and less dependable. Any instability is paid through revenue enhancements and authorities financess. Other states such as Indonesia ( 2005 ) and Myanmar ( 2007 ) have seen immense additions in the monetary value of fuel after the authorities could no longer afford the subsidies. One manner to cut down the demand for gasoline is to cut down the subsidy ( thereby raising the monetary value at the pumps ) and directing that money into enhanced public conveyance service. The authorities needs to accept that this determination, though unpopular at first, will be in the best involvements of the people. To do their point clear, the authorities should cut down the gasoline subsidy by an sum of RM0.08 per liter, which would take to an increased pump monetary value of RM2.00 per liter. An 8 sen addition in the monetary value of gasoline ( after the election, of class ) would be much easier to accept than a 60 sen hiking in 2 to 3 old ages clip. The authorities should apportion the financess saved towards bettering and heightening public transit. There are many simple things that the authorities can make to heighten public transit across the state, and these can be implemented rapidly. An expanded Touch ‘N ‘ Go service, subsidies for coach operations, revenue enhancement inducements on the purchase of monthly theodolite base on ballss, and investing in support of public conveyance governments would do a immense difference for Malaysia. Drumhead The proposals here are comparatively uninteresting and less glamourous than new LRT lines or monorails in every metropolis that asks for one. The fact is that public transit can be interesting and glamourous and inspiring. However, before that can all go on, there must be alterations in the attitude of the authorities and the people. It is good to believe that improved public transit is portion of the solution to traffic congestion in Malaysia. However, many people do non talk out and demand better public transit, and do non really intend to utilize the improved public transit. They are losing the point. We can merely hold inspiring, glamourous, interesting and effectual public transit if there are alterations at the authorities degree. Once the authorities makes the necessary alterations, creates a national public transit scheme and a National Public Transportation Department, so we will eventually be on path to a great hereafter. a regular user of public conveyance, is profoundly concerned that authorities programs to promote the usage of public conveyance will finally neglect because of hapless planning and deficiency of support from the populace. 5.0 Decision Guaranting advancement towards sustainable development suppose to be a precedence of the Malayan authorities. Transport is a peculiarly ambitious sector. It is indispensable to modern life, but has many inauspicious effects on wellness and environment. Most transport tendencies are unsustainable. More attempt must be put on to develop public conveyance because survey found that utilizing public conveyance can minimise the environmental pollution and impact of wellness to homo. Although there is a batch of bad intelligence -A the good intelligence is it ‘s non excessively late! We can implement solutions, but we need to move fast and we need our authorities to take the lead.A How to cite Sustainable Transportation Policy In Malaysia Environmental Sciences Essay, Essay examples

The Picture Of Dorian Grey Essay Research free essay sample

The Picture Of Dorian Grey Essay, Research Paper The Picture of Dorian Grey This narrative is about desiring to remain immature and non cognizing the effects of such a desire. Everything starts out in Basil Hallward # 8217 ; s studio. Basil is a painter that is obsessed with Dorian Grey, a immature beautiful gentleman that catches everyone # 8217 ; s oculus. On this peculiar twenty-four hours, Basil is accompanied by Lord Henry, one of his close friends. Dorian posses for a portrayal and so retires to the garden with Lord Henry. They talk about young person and its great importance, about how it shouldn # 8217 ; t be taken for granted, etc. When the image is finished, Dorian makes a simple want. He asks for his image to turn old alternatively of him. Dorian keeps the image and is fond of his new friend, Lord Henry. They go everyplace together and Henry Teachs Dorian new things about life that he neer knew existed. We will write a custom essay sample on The Picture Of Dorian Grey Essay Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Dorian falls in love with an actress from the lower sides of London. But after she messes up in one of her dramas, he despises her and decides neer to see her once more. He goes place and realizes that his image has changed, it had grown old. The following twenty-four hours he is told that the actress he used to look up to had committed self-destruction. Dorian fells no sorrow and Lord Henry tells him to take it as if it were merely portion of a drama, a tragic scene that had come to a dramatic terminal. He realizes that his stupid want had come true, so he decides to conceal the picture so no 1 else can see it. As the old ages go by, people start to detest the one time darling Dorian Grey. Rumors are dispersed that he is a bad influence and that evil follows him wherever he goes. Many people don # 8217 ; t believe that bunk, and are still blown away by his harrying good expressions. They can # 8217 ; t believe that such a fine-looking adult male can make such awful things. Then one dark, Basil visits him. They have a confab about the repute that Dorian is acquiring on the streets. Basil tells him that such personal businesss, as he had been known to be a portion off, were bad for the psyche. Dorian tells him he no longer has a psyche, and decides to demo him the image he one time had painted of him. The image had become horrid, old, and had lost all the beauty it one time possessed. Basil is amazed and can’t believe his ain eyes. Dorian becomes huffy at him, he blames him for all that has happened in his life, for he was the 1 that started the whole thing. Dorian takes a knife and knife his good friend to decease. The following twenty-four hours he gets rid of the organic structure and of all the grounds that can associate him to the slaying. Dorian continues his life as if nil had of all time happened. A twosome of yearss subsequently, he is confronted by James Vayne, the actress # 8217 ; s brother, the 1 he had sent to her decease 18 old ages earlier. He wants to kill him for what he had done, but his good expressions and his immature face salvage his life. Now everyplace he goes he is afraid of being killed, until one twenty-four hours he goes runing with a friend, and they shoot Vayne by error. Dorian feels without problems and decides to do good alternatively of immorality. He goes place and knife the picture that had caused him all this hurting. A cooling call is heard, and his retainers enter the room. They find the image hanging on the wall, every bit beautiful as it of all time was, and their maestro lying dead on the floor. He had changed into an old horrid figure and was stabbed to decease. This book was an first-class pick because it had a really interesting manner of looking at life. At the beginning I thought it would be the usual narrative, but so as the secret plan unwraps, one can # 8217 ; t leave the book for a 2nd. You ever want to cognize what will go on to Dorian Grey. Grey is an astonishing character, at the start he was merely blossoming like a flower, but under the influence of Lord Henry, he matures and becomes a animal of immorality. He realizes his errors and wants to alter them, but it is excessively late. This narrative shows us that you can # 8217 ; Ts have everything everlastingly, one has to populate life as one is. Dorian tried to remain immature everlastingly and it brought him nil but hurting. We can # 8217 ; t do such errors because we merely live one time, we have to take Dorian # 8217 ; s illustration and do our lives better, and deserving life.

Describe and Evaluate the Multi-Store Model of Memory free essay sample

Describe and Evaluate the Multi-Store Model of Memory The multi-store model of memory (MSM) is an explanation of the process of memory. Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin first illustrated the multi-store model, in 1968, it explains how we hear, see and feel many things but only a small number are remembered and other aren’t. There is strong evidence of three different stores suggesting that the basis of the MSM is reliable. However there has been some criticism of the MSM, most importantly that the supporting research are not entirely valid.For example, memory research usually relates to semantic memory, which would relate to everyday memory activities, yet not all aspects of memory can relate to this. A strength of the MSM is that there is evidence to indicate the duration of the sensory store was collected in a study by Sperling (1960). Participants saw a grid of digits and letters for 50 milliseconds. They were either asked to write down all 12 items or they would hear a tone immediately after the exposure and they should write down al the letters of that row. The findings showed that their recall was poorer than when asked to give one row only. This theory supported the MSM’s idea that information decays rapidly in the sensory memory store. The original multi-store model is highly criticized for a number of reasons, however the main criticism of the MSM is its oversimplification of the structure and process of the human memory. The multi-store model is too simple and fails to reflect the complexity of the human memory. The MSM fails to explain how some information can enter the human brain without being rehearsed.For instance a student can study for an exam for hours and still not remember the info but can read a magazine once and remember all the info. This relates to Craik and Lockhart’s (1972) proposal of a different model to explain lasting memories; they suggested that enduring memories are created by the processing you do, rather than through maintenance rehearsal; things that are processed more deeply are more memorab le just because of the way they are processed – ‘elaborative rehearsal’ which a deeper or more semantic analysis. Later in 1977, Glenberg et al showed that maintenance rehearsal does have some effect on creating enduring memories but not as much as elaborative rehearsal. Scoville and Milner (1957) conducted studies about different areas of the brain involved in different types of memory from studying individuals suffering with brain damage. One case involved a man referred to as HM. The damage of his brain was caused in an operation to remove the hippocampus from both sides of his brain to reduce severe epilepsy.HM’s personality and intellect remained the same however he could no longer form new long-term memories but could retain memories he had before the surgery. This study suggested that the hippocampus acted as a memory ‘gateway’ through which new memories have to pass through in order to be retained in the long-term. The MSM suggests that short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM) operate in a single uniform manner, whereas the Working Model of Memory proposed b y Baddeley and Hitch (1974) showed that short-term memory is more that just one simple store and consists of different components. Evidence for a non-unitary STM came from the case study of KF by Shallice and Warrington (1970). KF suffered brain damage, which resulted in difficulty dealing with verbal information in STM but has the normal capability to process visual information, thus suggesting that STM is not a single store. In the case of LTM, the MSM describes it as one single store however this probes questions such as how can memorizing how to play a computer game, what we did yesterday etc are all stored within a single, long-term memory store.Schachter et al (2000) suggested that there are four different components of LTM; semantic memory, episodic memory, procedural memory and perceptual-representation memory (PRM). Spiers et al (2001) studied into the memory of 147 patients suffering with amnesia, in all cases their procedural memory and PRS were the only two of the four components intact, thus concluding that LTM is not unitary. Another strength of the MSM is the theory that there are separate stores in the memory which are linked to STM and LTM, and specific areas of the brain.Modern forms of scanning the brain allow images to be captured of activities of the brain, thus enabling us to see what region of the brain is active when a person is doing particular tasks. Research found that the prefrontal cortex is active when individuals are working on a task in short-term memory (Beardsley, 1997) whereas the hippocampus is active when long-term memory is engaged (Squire et al, 1992). Another weakness of the MSM is that it suggests that STM is involved before LTM. Yet according to Logie (1999) STM actually relies on LTM and therefore cannot come ‘first’ as suggested by the MSM.Ruchkin et al (2003) demonstrated this theory by asking a number of participants to re-call a set of words and pseudo-words (words designed to sound like a real word but with no meaning). Throughout the experiment , brain activity of the participants was monitored and the findings concluded that there were large differences in the two conditions. The evidence showed that there was much more brain activity than if the words and pseudo-words just involved STM, the real words involved much more activity in other areas of the brain. Ruchkin concluded that STM was m erely part of LTM which is activated at any given time.